International political organizations or institutions
As Mora pointed out () The
political aspects of globalization refer to two basic elements: world politics,
related to the establishment or not of a world order that transcends States,
and the new condition assumed by the State in each of the possible scenarios
(page 11).
When we think about the
principal organization related with the political order, the first thing that
comes to our heads is ONU.
ONU
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The United Nations emblem
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The United Nations came into
being in 1945, following the devastation of the Second World War, with one
central mission: the maintenance of international peace and security. The UN
does this by working to prevent conflict; helping parties in conflict make
peace; peacekeeping; and creating the conditions to allow peace to hold and
flourish. These activities often overlap and should reinforce one another, to
be effective.
The UN Security Council has the primary responsibility for
international peace and security. The General Assembly and the Secretary-General
play major, important, and complementary roles, along with other UN offices and
bodies.
MAIN FUNCTIONS
The promotion and protection of human rights is
a key purpose and guiding principle of the Organization. In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human
Rights brought human rights into the realm of international law.
Since then, the Organization has diligently
protected human rights through legal instruments and on-the-ground activities.
One of the purposes of the
United Nations, as stated in its Charter, is "to achieve international
co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social,
cultural, or humanitarian character."
The UN first did this in the aftermath of the Second World War on the
devastated continent of Europe, which it helped to rebuild. The Organization is now relied upon by the
international community to coordinate humanitarian relief operations due to
natural and man-made disasters in areas beyond the relief capacity of national
authorities alone.
From the start, one of the
main priorities of the United Nations was to “achieve international
co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social,
cultural, or humanitarian character and in promoting and encouraging respect
for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to
race, sex, language, or religion.”
Improving people’s well-being continues to be one of the main focuses of
the UN. The global understanding of development has changed over the years, and
countries now have agreed that sustainable development – development that
promotes prosperity and economic opportunity, greater social well-being, and
protection of the environment – offers the best path forward for improving the
lives of people everywhere.
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